Nigeria’s Hidden War: The Jihadist Campaign Behind the “Farmer-Herder” Label—Implications for U.S. Special Operations Command and the Education-Security Nexus in Plateau and Benue States

Nigeria’s Hidden War: The Jihadist Campaign Behind the “Farmer-Herder” Label—Implications for U.S. Special Operations Command and the Education-Security Nexus in Plateau and Benue States

Authored by:
Grace Isaiah Galumje
Published: 10/21/2026
No print copies currently available

In Nigeria’s Hidden War: The Jihadist Campaign Behind the “Farmer-Herder” Label—Implications for U.S. Special Operations Command and the Education-Security Nexus in Plateau and Benue States, author Grace Isaiah Galumje explores how escalating violence in Nigeria’s Middle Belt has evolved beyond local resource disputes into a coordinated campaign of territorial conquest and parallel governance linked to the Islamic State West Africa Province (ISWAP), the Islamic State Sahel Province (ISSP), and the al-Qaeda-linked Jamaat Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin (JNIM) networks. The paper highlights a critical counterterrorism vulnerability: mass displacement and school destruction have excluded over half of displaced children from education, creating a prime recruitment pool for extremist networks.

Aligned with U.S. Special Operations Command core activities and the 2026 National Defense Strategy, Galumje outlines seven footprint-light, cost-conscious recommendations. These include tailored hybrid-threat assessments, riverine interdiction training, Leahy Law-conditioned security force assistance, and civil affairs education-stabilization. This occasional paper provides SOF planners with an actionable framework to disrupt extremist recruitment pipelines and strengthen partner accountability without open-ended commitments.


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